Modes of justifying knowledge claims provides an overview of the different kinds of justification that we can unearth from commonsense knowledge and academic knowledge.

Types of reasoning provides an overview of differences among various systems of reasoning (absolute and probabilistic deduction, absolute and probabilstic induction, abduction, hypothetico-deduction, analogical reasoning) and the rules of inference that distinguish them. It places these types in the context of the distinction between qualitative and quantitative reasoning, and their systematization in logic and mathematics. It also goes on to examine the notions of valid reasoning and good reasoning in terms of the discussion of the different types of reasoning, and suggests that these notions be viewed in the context of the rules of inference and critical standards that a community or individual subscribes to.

Critical Standards of Evaluation discusses the need for evolving explicit, unambiguously applicable criteria for judging the success and relative superiority of analyses, theories and frameworks in cognitive and social sciences.

Teaching Critical Thinking discusses what the title suggests.

Modes of Research attempts a broad characterization of three modes of research in humanities and social sciences so as to develop an overall perspective.