Keep in mind the following questions while reading:

What is the difference between modernization and modernism?

What does "modern" mean?

Additional Reading:

The American Quarterly, 39 (Spring 1987) issue contains several other essays on Modernism. Two other works that students might find useful are: Modernism, 1890-1930  edited by Malcolm Bradbury and James McFarlane. (Atlantic Highlands, N.J. : Humanities Press, 1978.) and Raymond Williams, Problems in materialism and culture: selected essays (London: Verso, 1980.)